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The Factory pattern is a creational design pattern that provides a way to create objects without exposing the creation logic to the client.
Instead, the client calls a factory method that returns the desired object.
🏭 Why use it?
- Centralizes object creation logic
- Makes code easier to maintain and extend (open/close principle, hide complexity...)
- Reduces coupling between the client and concrete classes (abstraction, easier testing, DI, runtime selection..)
🛠️ Example:
class ShapeFactory { public Shape getShape(String type) { return switch (type) { case "circle" -> new Circle(); case "square" -> new Square(); default -> null; }; } }
Usage:
Shape shape = new ShapeFactory().getShape("circle");
💡 Great when you have multiple related classes and want a clean way to decide which one to instantiate.