[VV123] The Java 21 Newsletter: Certification's exceptions

Here's a clean and focused Java Exception Tree containing only the exceptions relevant to the Java certifications (like 1Z0-819, 1Z0-830), with a clear emphasis on:

• ✅ Runtime vs checked
• ✅ Certification usage context
• ✅ Avoiding noise from obscure exceptions

🧠 What to Know for Each (Certification-Relevant Exceptions)

1. 📄 IOException – Checked: File or stream operations, often used in try-with-resources.
2. 📁 FileNotFoundException – Checked: Thrown when attempting to open a non-existent file.
3. 📤 EOFException – Checked: End of stream reached unexpectedly during input.
4. 📦 UncheckedIOException – Unchecked: Wraps IOException in functional interfaces or streams.
5. 💤 InterruptedException – Checked: Thrown when a thread is interrupted (e.g., during Thread.sleep()).
6. ⏱️ TimeoutException – Checked: Occurs when waiting too long for a task to complete (e.g., Future.get() with timeout).
7. 💥 ExecutionException – Checked: Wraps exceptions thrown in async tasks (e.g., from Future).
8. 🔍 InvocationTargetException – Checked: Thrown when a reflected method throws an exception.
9. 🔐 IllegalAccessException – Checked: Reflection access to a field/method is illegal.
10. 🧱 InstantiationException – Checked: Attempt to instantiate an abstract class or interface via reflection.
11. 🧭 NoSuchMethodException – Checked: Requested method does not exist (common in reflection).
12. 🌍 MissingResourceException – Unchecked: Missing key in a ResourceBundle.
13. ➗ ArithmeticException – Unchecked: Arithmetic error, like division by zero.
14. ❌ NullPointerException – Unchecked: Dereferencing a null reference.
15. 📉 IndexOutOfBoundsException – Unchecked: General out-of-bounds for collections/arrays.
16. 🧮 ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException – Unchecked: Specifically for arrays.
17. ✂️ StringIndexOutOfBoundsException – Unchecked: Specifically for strings.
18. 🧪 IllegalArgumentException – Unchecked: Invalid method parameter passed.
19. 🔢 NumberFormatException – Unchecked: Failed conversion from string to number (e.g., "abc" to int).
20. 🌀 IllegalStateException – Unchecked: Method invoked at an inappropriate time (e.g., reusing a closed stream).
21. 🔄 ClassCastException – Unchecked: Invalid casting between incompatible types.
22. 🚫 UnsupportedOperationException – Unchecked: Operation not supported, such as on unmodifiable collections.
23. 🔁 ConcurrentModificationException – Unchecked: Modifying a collection during iteration.
24. 📝 InputMismatchException – Unchecked: Scanner receives input of unexpected type.
25. 📭 NoSuchElementException – Unchecked: Accessing elements from an exhausted iterator or empty optional/stream.
26. 🛡️ SecurityException – Unchecked: Access control violation (e.g., attempting a restricted operation).